PREHISTORY

por | Ene 7, 2020 | Social Science 4th grade

SOCIAL SCIENCE 4

 

Unit 3 «PREHISTORY” 

En esta unidad estudiaremos los diferentes períodos de la historia y los eventos que ocasionaron su aparición y su final; el modo de localizar momentos de la historia (a. C, d. C) a través de líneas cronológicas; la Prehistoria y los diferentes períodos que la conforman (Paleolítico, Neolítico, Edad de Bronce y Edad de Hierro). En esta ficha se recoge el vocabulario y las estructuras que el alumnado debe conocer junto con unos enlaces de vídeos que serán de utilidad para repasar los contenidos estudiados.

 

VOCABULARY

English

Español

English

Español

Prehistory

Paleolithic

Neolithic

Metal Age

 

Bronze Age 

Iron Age 

agriculture

Altamira cave

 

Ancient History 

Celts 

Iberians 

Roman Empire

Early Modern Age

 

Modern Age

French Revolution

War of Independence

archaeologist

artisan

basket 

bronze 

Bulls of Guisando 

ceramic pot 

 

clay 

copper 

crop 

exchange  

 

Prehistoria

Paleolítico

Neolítico

Edad de los

Metales

Edad de Bronce

Edad de Hierro 

agricultura

Cueva de

Altamira

Historia Antigua

celtas

íberos

Imperio Romano

principios de la Edad Moderna 

 

Edad Moderna

Revolución Francesa

Guerra de la Independencia

arqueólogo

artesano

cesta, canasta

bronce

Toros de Guisando

jarrón de

cerámica

barro, arcilla

cobre

cultivo

intercambio

 

farmer

 

fire 

fish 

grind 

hunt 

hut 

iron 

jewellery 

Lady of

Elche

 

megalith 

melt 

 

metalworker 

nomadic 

Pedra Gentil

megalith 

period 

polished stone 

sculpture 

sedentary 

soldier 

spear 

tool 

trade 

trader 

wall 

weapon 

wheel 

writing 

granjero,

agricultor

fuego

pescar

moler

cazar

choza, cabaña

hierro

joyas

Dama de

Elche

 

megalito

derretir,

derretirse

herrero

nómada, errante

megalito de

Pedra Gentil 

período

piedra pulida, pulimentada

escultura

sedentario

soldado

lanza, jabalina

herramienta

comercio

comerciante

pared, muro

arma

rueda

escritura 

STRUCTURES

* History is divided into different periods. Each period of history starts and ends with an important event.  La historia se divide en diferentes períodos. Cada uno comienza y termina con un acontecimiento importante).

* Every year has a number, for example 1492. Each year belongs to a century. A century is a period of 100 years. (A cada año le corresponde un número, por ejemplo 1492. Cada año pertenece a un siglo. Un siglo es un período de 100 años).

* Prehistory is divided into two periods: the Stone Age and the Bronze and Iron Ages. (La Prehistoria se divide en dos etapas: la Edad de Piedra y la Edad de los Metales).

* Archaeologists are people who look for objects and buildings from the past. (Los arqueólogos son personas que buscan objetos y construcciones del pasado).

the Paleolithic Age

It is the first part of the Stone Age . It started about 2.5 million years ago and ended about 10 000 years ago.

– People live in caves or in simple huts.

– They were nomadic and they lived in tribes.

 – They hunted and fished to get food. They also collected fruit and plants. 

– They discovered how to make fire. 

– They wore clothes made of animal skins, too. 

– They made tools from stone, wood and animal bones. 

– Archaeologists have found human bones in the Sierra de Atapuerca. The Orce Man is a fossil that was found in Orce, Granada. It could be part of a human skull. There are many cave paintings in the Altamira Cave in Cantabria. 

 

the Neolithic Age

It is the second part of the Stone Age. It started about 10 000 years ago and ended about 7 000 years ago. Neolithic people discovered how to cultivate plants from seeds. This was the beginning of agriculture. 

– Neolithic people cultivated crops and raised animals. They didn’t need to move around to look for food. 

– People became sedentary. They stopped moving around. They lived in huts in villages. 

– Some people were artisans. Other people worked as farmers. 

– People started to exchange the products they made and the crops they cultivated. This was the beginning of trade. 

– Neolithic people made ceramic pots from clay and baskets to store food in. They also made polished stone tools which they used to harvest crops and grind cereals into flour. They used larger tools to work the soil and cut down trees. Neolithic people also made figurines out of stone and bone. 

 

the BRONZE AND IRON AgeS

They started about 7 000 years ago and ended about 5 000 years ago. In this period people discovered how to make objects from metal. First they used copper, then bronze and then iron. 

 

– People melted metal to make different objects (tools, jewellery and weapons).

– They continued to live in villages. But villages got bigger and had walls to defend them. 

– They invented the wheel. There was more trade than before. 

– People could work as farmers and artisans like before. They could also be metalworkers, soldiers and traders. 

– During the Bronze and Iron Ages, the Celts and Iberians lived in the Iberian Peninsula. They made sculptures from stone and large stone monuments called megaliths. Today we can still see sculptures and monuments that they made. (The Bulls of Guisando are in Ávila. The Lady of Elche is in the National Archaelogical Museum. The Pedra Gentil Megalith is in Vallgorguina, Barcelona. ) 

 

* Prehistoric artists decorated the walls and ceilings of caves with paintings. It is known as cave art. (Los artistas de la prehistoria decoraban las paredes y techos de las cuevas con pinturas. Se conoce como arte rupestre).

* They painted with their hands or with brushes made with animal hair. (Pintaban con sus manos o con pinceles hechos de pelo de animal).

* The three main megalithic monuments are: menhirs, dolmens and cromlechs. (Los tres monumentos megalíticos más importanes son: menhires, dólmenes y crómlechs).

LINKS

https://youtu.be/rLFGra2TiTE    

https://youtu.be/9wtC1EuDlBE

https://youtu.be/UFE3t7qNJSs                                        

https://youtu.be/CCN-Fv5gBEY

https://youtu.be/kd4dlNxaPwk