SOCIAL SCIENCE 5

 

UNIT 3 «SPAIN IN THE EARLY-MODERN AGE” (“ESPAÑA EN LA EDAD MODERNA”)

 En esta unidad estudiaremos: ·  El reinado de los Reyes Católicos (la cuestión sucesoria, el tribunal de la Santa Inquisición y el descubrimiento de América). ·  Los grandes conquistadores, navegantes y exploradores (Colón, Hernán Cortés, Francisco Pizarro, Fernando Magallanes y Juan Sebastián Elcano). ·  El reinado de los Habsburgo (Carlos I y Felipe II y fin de la dinastía). ·  Los escritores y pintores más relevantes del Siglo de Oro español. ·  Los Borbones en España (Felipe V y Carlos III). En esta ficha se recoge el vocabulario más importante y las estructuras que el alumnado aprenderá, junto con unos enlaces de vídeos que serán de utilidad para repasar los contenidos estudiados.

 

VOCABULARY

English

Español

English

Español

absolute power 

advance

Aztecs 

Bourbons 

canals 

captive

Caribbean

Catholic Monarchs 

Christopher Columbus

colonise

commoners

conquistadors

contribution

court

disagree about 

dynasty 

economic crisis 

eldest child 

empire 

event

expedition 

expel

poder absoluto

avance

Los Aztecas

Borbones

canales

cautivo

caribeño/a

Los Reyes Católicos 

Cristóbal Colón

colonizar

plebeyo

conquistadores

contribución

corte

estar en desacuerdo

dinastía

crisis económica 

primogénito

imperio

acontecimiento

expedición 

expulsar

improve 
Incas 
increase 
institutions 
leech 

natives 
New Spain 
painter 
peoples 
play 
possessions 
privileges 
religious unity 
road system 

Royal family 

sail across

shopkeepers 

slaves 

Spanish Inquisition

spies 

state 

supporter 

timeline 

torture 

unite 

view 

voyage 

 

 

desarrollar
Los Incas
incrementar, aumentar
instituciones
sanguijuela

aborígenes
La Nueva España
pintor
pueblos, poblaciones
obra de teatro
territorios, posesiones
privilegios
unificación religiosa
red vial, red de carreteras

La Familia Real

cruzar en barco (navegar)

tenderos

esclavos

La Inquisición

espías

estado

defensor, partidario

eje cronológico

torturar

unificar 

vista 

viaje

STRUCTURES

* At the beginning of the Early Modern Age, there were various kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula, including Aragón, Castilla and Navarra. In 1469 Fernando of Aragón and Isabel of Castilla married. Later on they became known as the Catholic Monarchs

* The reign of the Catholic Monarchs marks the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Early Modern Age in Spain 

* Fernando and Isabel were intolerant towards other religions. As a result, they established the Inquisition in 1478. 

* In 1492 Fernando and Isabel also expelled Jewish people from their kingdoms. The Jewish people had to either convert to Catholicism or leave. 

* During the Early Modern Age, many European explorers made voyages to distant places. They discovered and conquered new lands and peoples. For this reason, this period is called the Age of Discovery. The conquistadors were Spanish explorers who conquered lands that became part of the Spanish Empire

1492

Christopher Columbus

He landed on the Caribbean islands of San Salvador and Hispaniola. He discovered America, but he believed he was in Asia. Columbus made three more voyages after that. 

1519

Ferdinand Magellan

He was the first person to sail across the Pacific Ocean. He crossed the Pacific, and arrived in the Philippines, where he was killed.

1522

Juan Sebastián Elcano

He took over Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition. He arrived in Spain in 1522 and became the first person to sail around the world. 

1519

Hernán Cortés

He went to Mexico and travelled to the Aztec capital. The Aztec king, Montezuma, gave him gifts. But Cortés captured the king and conquered the Aztecs. He founded Mexico City and became the governor of New Spain.

1532

Francisco Pizarro

He went to Peru. Pizarro and his men took the Inca emperor. He conquered the Inca sand became the governor of New Castilla.

 

* In the 16th and 17th centuries, Spain was ruled by the Hapsburg dynasty. Carlos I and Felipe II were the most important Hapsburg kings. During their reigns, Spain became an enormous international empire 

* In the 17th century, the Hapsburg kings were Felipe III, Felipe IV and Carlos II. They are known as the Lesser Hapsburgs because they were less powerful and less successful than Carlos I and Felipe II. 

* During the period of the Catholic Monarchs and the Hapsburg dynasty, new artistic styles appeared in Europe: the Renaissance and the Baroque style. 

* In the 16th and 17th centuries, there were many great artists and writers in Spain, so this period is known as the Golden Age 

* In the 18th century Spain was ruled by the Bourbon dynasty. Felipe V and Carlos III were the most important Bourbon kings. 

* Felipe V ruled with absolute power in the first half of the 18th century. He centralised the government. This means that he eliminated many local laws and institutions. They were replaced by new laws and institutions for the whole kingdom. Felipe V also divided Spain into provinces. 

* Carlos III ruled Spain in the second half of the 18th century. He made many changes to improve the country and the lives of the Spanish people. He introduced projects to modernise the country. For example, he improved the road system and the cities, and built canals. 

* The Enlightenment was a new way of thinking that became popular in Europe in the 18th century. Enlightenment thinkers believed that learning was very important. They thought people’s beliefs should be based on logic and not on superstition. 

 

LINKS

https://youtu.be/AA0bbGVSZ4U

https://youtu.be/x97O_KRFtqo

https://youtu.be/TD24cI-1bxw

https://youtu.be/MHlfzBNnhqI

https://youtu.be/1Q81k9xWvjs

https://youtu.be/acbcgc3PL2Q

https://youtu.be/L-6oubUDSP0

https://youtu.be/27IYq2dALCk